Diabetes Mellitus, often referred to simply as diabetes, is a chronic condition specially a alarming health issue in India. Nowadays majority of diabetic patients are occasionally detected during their routine medical examinations and they are unaware of their condition until it manifests with severe symptoms or complications. This silent progression of diabetes highlights the critical need for awareness and management among individuals.
Diabetes Mellitus is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels resulting from either insufficient insulin production or ineffective utilization of insulin by the body. Insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels. When this balance is disrupted, as seen in diabetes, it can lead to various health complications if left untreated.
Insulin is the hormone which acts as a key to allow glucose from the bloodstream to the muscles be used for energy. In individuals with diabetes, this process is impaired, leading to elevated blood sugar levels. Depending on the type of diabetes (Type 1, where the body produces little to no insulin, or Type 2, where the body becomes resistant to insulin), we need different treatment methodologies like oral medicine or injection Insulin with lifestyle modifications.
Early detection of diabetes through regular screenings is crucial. Common diagnostic tests include fasting blood sugar levels, oral glucose tolerance tests, and HbA1c levels, which provide a comprehensive view of long-term blood sugar control. These tests not only diagnose diabetes but also guide treatment plans to prevent complications.
Uncontrolled diabetes may lead to severe health risks. Prolonged elevated blood sugar levels can damage blood vessels and nerves, leading to heart attacks, strokes, kidney damage , eye damage (retinopathy), and nerve damage (neuropathy). Proper medical management and treatment plans prevent unwanted complications.
Sedentary lifestyles, unhealthy diets, and genetic predisposition play major role in diabetes. Increasing awareness about diabetes prevention, early detection, and effective management strategies is the need of hour. Education on healthy eating, regular physical activity, and regular medical check-ups can significantly reduce the risk of developing diabetes and associated complications in previously diagnosed persons. It’s the duty of health professionals to create awareness among the common public, school and college student community for the future.
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South India.
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